MariaDB 是一个流行的、免费的、开源的数据库管理系统，它是非常流行的 MySQL 数据库管理系统。MariaDB 与各种操作系统兼容，包括 Linux、FreeBSD、Mac 和 Windows。

在 AlmaLinux 9 上安装 MariaDB

第 1 步。首先，让我们首先确保您的系统是最新的。

sudo dnf clean all
sudo dnf update
sudo dnf groupinstall \"Development Tools\"

步骤 2. 在 AlmaLinux 9 上安装 MariaDB。

默认情况下，MariaDB 在 AlmaLinux 9 基础存储库中可用。只需使用以下dnf命令安装 MariaDB 包：

sudo dnf install mariadb-server mariadb

安装完成后，启动数据库服务器的服务，然后启用，这样系统重启后它可以自动启动：

sudo systemctl restart mariadb
sudo systemctl status mariadb
sudo systemctl enable mariadb

默认情况下，MariaDB 未加固。mysql_secure_installation您可以使用脚本保护 MariaDB 。您应该仔细阅读下面的每个步骤，这些步骤将设置 root 密码、删除匿名用户、禁止远程 root 登录、删除测试数据库和访问安全 MariaDB：

mysql_secure_installation

输出：

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we\'ll need the current
password for the root user. If you\'ve just installed MariaDB, and
haven\'t set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer \'n\'.

Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] Y <---- Type Y then press the ENTER KEY.
Enabled successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer \'n\'.

Change the root password? [Y/n] Y <---- Type Y then press the ENTER KEY.
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y <---- Type Y then press the ENTER KEY.
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from \'localhost\'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y <---- Type Y then press the ENTER KEY.
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named \'test\' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y <---- Type Y then press the ENTER KEY.
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y <---- Type Y then press the ENTER KEY.
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you\'ve completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

要登录 MariaDB，请使用以下命令（请注意，它与登录 MariaDB 数据库的命令相同）：

mysql -u root -p

感谢您使用本教程在您的 AlmaLinux 9 系统上安装 MariaDB 数据库服务器。如需更多帮助或有用信息，我们建议您查看MariaDB 官方网站。