在我们编程时,有一些代码是固定的,例如Socket连接的代码,读取文件内容的代码,一般情况下我都是到网上搜一下然后直接粘贴下来改一改,当然如果你能自己记住所有的代码那更厉害,但是自己写毕竟不如粘贴来的快,而且自己写的代码还要测试,而一段经过测试的代码则可以多次使用,所以这里我就自己总结了一下python中常用的编程模板,如果还有哪些漏掉了请大家及时补充哈。
一、读写文件
1、读文件
(1)、一次性读取全部内容
filepath=\'D:/data.txt\' #文件路径 with open(filepath, \'r\') as f: print f.read()
(2)读取固定字节大小
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- filepath=\'D:/data.txt\' #文件路径 f = open(filepath, \'r\') content=\"\" try: while True: chunk = f.read(8) if not chunk: break content+=chunk finally: f.close() print content
(3)每次读取一行
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- filepath=\'D:/data.txt\' #文件路径 f = open(filepath, \"r\") content=\"\" try: while True: line = f.readline() if not line: break content+=line finally: f.close() print content
(4)一次读取所有的行
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- filepath=\'D:/data.txt\' #文件路径 with open(filepath, \"r\") as f: txt_list = f.readlines() for i in txt_list: print i,
2、写文件
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- filepath=\'D:/data1.txt\' #文件路径 with open(filepath, \"w\") as f: #w会覆盖原来的文件,a会在文件末尾追加 f.write(\'1234\')
二、连接Mysql数据库
1、连接
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import MySQLdb DB_URL=\'localhost\' USER_NAME=\'root\' PASSWD=\'1234\' DB_NAME=\'test\' # 打开数据库连接 db = MySQLdb.connect(DB_URL,USER_NAME,PASSWD,DB_NAME) # 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标 cursor = db.cursor() # 使用execute方法执行SQL语句 cursor.execute(\"SELECT VERSION()\") # 使用 fetchone() 方法获取一条数据库。 data = cursor.fetchone() print \"Database version : %s \" % data # 关闭数据库连接 db.close()
2、创建表
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import MySQLdb # 打开数据库连接 db = MySQLdb.connect(\"localhost\",\"testuser\",\"test123\",\"TESTDB\" ) # 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标 cursor = db.cursor() # 如果数据表已经存在使用 execute() 方法删除表。 cursor.execute(\"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS EMPLOYEE\") # 创建数据表SQL语句 sql = \"\"\"CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE ( FIRST_NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL, LAST_NAME CHAR(20), AGE INT, SEX CHAR(1), INCOME FLOAT )\"\"\" cursor.execute(sql) # 关闭数据库连接 db.close()
3、插入
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import MySQLdb # 打开数据库连接 db = MySQLdb.connect(\"localhost\",\"testuser\",\"test123\",\"TESTDB\" ) # 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标 cursor = db.cursor() # SQL 插入语句 sql = \"\"\"INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE(FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX, INCOME) VALUES (\'Mac\', \'Mohan\', 20, \'M\', 2000)\"\"\" try: # 执行sql语句 cursor.execute(sql) # 提交到数据库执行 db.commit() except: # Rollback in case there is any error db.rollback() # 关闭数据库连接 db.close()
4、查询
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import MySQLdb # 打开数据库连接 db = MySQLdb.connect(\"localhost\",\"testuser\",\"test123\",\"TESTDB\" ) # 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标 cursor = db.cursor() # SQL 查询语句 sql = \"SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE \\ WHERE INCOME > \'%d\'\" % (1000) try: # 执行SQL语句 cursor.execute(sql) # 获取所有记录列表 results = cursor.fetchall() for row in results: fname = row[0] lname = row[1] age = row[2] sex = row[3] income = row[4] # 打印结果 print \"fname=%s,lname=%s,age=%d,sex=%s,income=%d\" % \\ (fname, lname, age, sex, income ) except: print \"Error: unable to fecth data\" # 关闭数据库连接 db.close()
5、更新
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import MySQLdb # 打开数据库连接 db = MySQLdb.connect(\"localhost\",\"testuser\",\"test123\",\"TESTDB\" ) # 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标 cursor = db.cursor() # SQL 更新语句 sql = \"UPDATE EMPLOYEE SET AGE = AGE + 1 WHERE SEX = \'%c\'\" % (\'M\') try: # 执行SQL语句 cursor.execute(sql) # 提交到数据库执行 db.commit() except: # 发生错误时回滚 db.rollback() # 关闭数据库连接 db.close()
三、Socket
1、服务器
from socket import * from time import ctime HOST = \'\' PORT = 21568 BUFSIZ = 1024 ADDR = (HOST, PORT) tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR) tcpSerSock.listen(5) while True: print \'waiting for connection...\' tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept() print \'...connected from:\', addr while True: try: data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ) print \'<\', data tcpCliSock.send(\'[%s] %s\' % (ctime(), data)) except: print \'disconnect from:\', addr tcpCliSock.close() break tcpSerSock.close()
2、客户端
from socket import * HOST = \'localhost\' PORT = 21568 BUFSIZ = 1024 ADDR = (HOST, PORT) tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR) try: while True: data = raw_input(\'>\') if data == \'close\': break if not data: continue tcpCliSock.send(data) data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ) print data except: tcpCliSock.close()
四、多线程
import time, threading # 新线程执行的代码: def loop(): print \'thread %s is running...\' % threading.current_thread().name n = 0 while n < 5: n = n + 1 print \'thread %s >>> %s\' % (threading.current_thread().name, n) time.sleep(1) print \'thread %s ended.\' % threading.current_thread().name print \'thread %s is running...\' % threading.current_thread().name t = threading.Thread(target=loop, name=\'LoopThread\') t.start() t.join() print \'thread %s ended.\' % threading.current_thread().name
还请大家积极补充!