操作系统相关
- system() : 操作系统类型(见例)
- version(): 操作系统版本
- release(): 操作系统发布号, 例如win 7返回7, 还有如NT, 2.2.0之类.
- platform(aliased=0, terse=0): 操作系统信息字符串,扥与system()+win32_ver()[:3]
- win32_ver(release=\’\’, version=\’\’, csd=\’\’, ptype=\’\’): win系统相关信息
- linux_distribution(distname=\’\’, version=\’\’, id=\’\’, supported_dists=(‘SuSE\’, ‘debiaare\’, ‘yellowdog\’, ‘gentoo\’, ‘UnitedLinux\’, ‘turbolinux\’), full_distribution_name=1): Linux系统相关信息
- dist(distname=\’\’, version=\’\’, id=\’\’, supported_dists=(‘SuSE\’, ‘debian\’, ‘fedora\’, ‘redhat\’, ‘centos\’, ‘mandrake\’, ‘mandriva\’, ‘rocks\’, ‘slackware\’, ‘yellowdog\’, ‘gentoo\’, ‘UnitedLinux\’, ‘turbolinux\’)): 尝试获取Linux OS发布版本信息.返回(distname,version,id). dist是发布版本的意思.
- mac_ver(release=\’\’, versioninfo=(‘\’, ‘\’, ‘\’), machine=\’\’): mac版本
- java_ver(release=\’\’, vendor=\’\’, vminfo=(‘\’, ‘\’, ‘\’), osinfo=(‘\’, ‘\’, ‘\’)): java版本
- libc_ver(executable=r\’c:\\Python27\\python.exe\’, lib=\’\’, version=\’\’, chunksize=2048): libc版本,linux相关吧.
以上相应版本查询的返回元组和其形参对应.
platform.system() \'Linux\' # python 3.3.2+ 64 bits on debian jessie 64 bits \'Windows\' # python 3.3.2 32 bits on windows 8.1 64 bits \'Windows\' # python 3.3.2 64 bits on windows 8.1 64 bits \'Darwin\' # python 3.4.1 64 bits on mac os x 10.9.4 \'Java\' platform.version() \'#1 SMP Debian 3.10.11-1 (2013-09-10)\' # python 3.3.2+ 64 bits on debian jessie 64 bits \'6.2.9200\' # python 3.3.2 32 bits on windows 8.1 64 bits \'6.2.9200\' # python 3.3.2 64 bits on windows 8.1 64 bits \'Darwin Kernel Version 13.3.0: Tue Jun 3 21:27:35 PDT 2014; root:xnu-2422.110.17~1/RELEASE_X86_64\' # python 3.4.1 64 bits on mac os x 10.9.4 platform() \'Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1\' win32_ver() (\'7\', \'6.1.7601\', \'SP1\', u\'Multiprocessor Free\') platform.dist() (\'debian\', \'jessie/sid\', \'\') # python 3.3.2+ 64 bits on debian jessie 64 bits
系统信息
- uname(): 返回元组,system, node, release, version, machine, processor.
- architecture(executable=r\’c:\\Python27\\python.exe\’, bits=\’\’, linkage=\’\’): 系统架构
- machine() : CPU平台,AMD,x86?(见例)
- node() : 节点名(机器名,如Hom-T400)
- processor() : CPU信息
- system_alias(system, release, version): 返回相应元组..没何屌用.
- platform.architecture()
(\'64bit\', \'ELF\') # python 3.3.2+ 64 bits on debian jessie 64 bits (\'32bit\', \'WindowsPE\') # python 2.7.2 32 bits on windows 7 64 bits (\'64bit\', \'WindowsPE\') # python 3.3.2 64 bits on wndows 8.1 64 bits (\'64bit\', \'\') # python 3.4.1 64 bits on mac os x 10.9.4 platform.machine() \'x86_64\' # python 3.3.2+ 64 bits on debian jessie 64 bits \'AMD64\' # python 3.3.2 32 bits on windows 8.1 64 bits \'AMD64\' # python 3.3.2 64 bits on windows 8.1 64 bits \'x86_64\' # python 3.4.1 64 bits on mac os x 10.9.4 platform.node() \'Hom-T400\' platform.processor() \'Intel64 Family 6 Model 23 Stepping 10, GenuineIntel\' platform.uname() (\'Windows\', \'Hom-T400\', \'7\', \'6.1.7601\', \'AMD64\', \'Intel64 Family 6 Model 23 Stepping 10, GenuineIntel\') uname_result(system=\'Linux\', node=\'work\', release=\'3.10-3-amd64\', version=\'#1 SMP Debian 3.10.11-1 (2013-09-10)\', machine=\'x86_64\', processor=\'\') # python 3.3.2+ 64 bits on debian jessie 64 bits uname_result(system=\'Windows\', node=\'work-xxx\', release=\'8\', version=\'6.2.9200\', machine=\'AMD64\', processor=\'Intel64 Family 6 Model 58 Stepping 9,GenuineIntel\') # python 3.3.2 32 bits on windows 8.1 64 bits uname_result(system=\'Darwin\', node=\'mba\', release=\'13.3.0\', version=\'Darwin Kernel Version 13.3.0: Tue Jun 3 21:27:35 PDT 2014; root:xnu-2422.110.17~1/RELEASE_X86_64\', machine=\'x86_64\', processor=\'i386\') # python 3.4.1 64 bits on mac os x 10.9.4
Python相关
- python_version(): py版本号
- python_branch(): python分支(子版本信息),一般为空.
- python_build(): python编译号(default)和日期.
- python_compiler(): py编译器信息
- python_implementation(): python安装履行方式,如CPython, Jython, Pypy, IronPython(.net)等.
- python_revision(): python类型修改版信息,一般为空.
- python_version_tuple():python版本号分割后的tuple.
- popen(cmd, mode=\’r\’, bufsize=None): portable popen() 接口,执行各种命令.
- python_verison()
\'3.3.2+\' # python 3.3.2+ 64 bits on debian jessie 64 bits \'3.3.3\' # python 3.3.2 32 bits on windows 8.1 64 bits python_version_tuple() (\'2\', \'7\', \'2\') python_build() (\'default\', \'Jun 12 2011 15:08:59\') python_compiler() \'MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)\' pl.python_implementation() \'CPython\'
获取用户名:
>>> import getpass >>> getpass.getuser() \'root\'
获取环境变量:
>>> import os >>> import pwd >>> os.environ[\'LANG\'] \'en_US.UTF-8\' >>> print os.getenv(\'LANG\') en_US.UTF-8 >>> print os.getenv(\'PWD\') /root >>> print os.getenv(\'HOME\') /root >>> print os.getenv(\'USER\') root >>> print os.getenv(\'HOSTNAME\') localhost.localdomain >>> print os.getenv(\'SHELL\') /bin/bash >>> pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid()) pwd.struct_passwd(pw_name=\'root\', pw_passwd=\'x\', pw_uid=0, pw_gid=0, pw_gecos=\'root\', pw_dir=\'/root\', pw_shell=\'/bin/bash\') >>> pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[0] #获得用户名 \'root\' >>> pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[5] #获得家目录 \'/root\' >>> pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[6] #获得shell \'/bin/bash\'
还有个os.environ.get,会返回所有环境变量为一个字典