本文实例讲述了python代码写的12306订票代码，分享给大家供大家参考。

具体实现方法如下：

import datetime
import json
import re
import sys
import time
 
import Image
import PyV8
import requests
 
import tools.email_helper as emailHelper
 
 
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding(\'utf-8\') # @UndefinedVariable
reqSingle = requests.Session()
attCheCi=[\"G655\",\"G6741\",\"G67\",\"G491\"] #关注的车次
dateList=[\"2015-02-18\"] #关注的日期
username=\"12306登录用户名\"
password=\"登录密码\"
#这个是需要手动提交订单后f12自己找的，挨个post请求去找，参数名为：oldPassengerStr 格式如下
oldPassengerStr=\"姓名,1,130434199802036011,1_姓名2,1,130434199204238069,1_\"
#这个是需要手动提交订单后f12自己找的，挨个post请求去找，参数名为：passengerTicketStr 格式如下
passengerTicketStr=\"O,0,1,姓名,1,130434199802036011,13683456789,N_O,0,1,姓名2,1,130434199204238069,13683456789,N\"
header={
      \"Accept\":\"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8\",
      \"Accept-Encoding\":\"gzip, deflate\",
      \"Accept-Language\":\"zh-cn,zh;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3\",
      \"Connection\":\"keep-alive\",
      \"Host\":\"kyfw.12306.cn\",
      \"Referer\":\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/safeguard/init\",
      \"User-Agent\":\"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:34.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/34.0\"
      }
##定火车票 
def orderTicket(fromStation,toStation,trainDate,secretStr):
  header[\"Referer\"]=\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init\"
  orderInitReq= reqSingle.get(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init\",headers=header)
  header[\"Referer\"]=\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init\"
  aryKV=extractKey(orderInitReq.content,header)
  print aryKV
  #初始化订票
  header[\"Referer\"]=\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init\"
  orderInitReq= reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/submitOrderRequest\",data={
                                          aryKV[0]:aryKV[1],
                                          \"train_date\":trainDate,
                                          \"myversion\":\"undefined\",
                                          \"purpose_codes\":\"ADULT\",
                                          \"query_from_station_name\":fromStation,
                                          \"query_to_station_name\":toStation,
                                          \"secretStr\":secretStr,
                                          \"tour_flag\":\"dc\",
                                          \"back_train_date\":time.strftime(\'%Y-%m-%d\',time.localtime(time.time())),
                                          \"undefined\":\"\"
                                          },headers=header)
  print orderInitReq.content
  orderInitJson=orderInitReq.json()
  if orderInitJson.get(\"status\")==False or orderInitJson.get(\"httpstatus\")!=200:
    raise Exception(\"订票出现错误\")
  initDcReq= reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc\", data={\"_json_att\":\"\"},headers=header)
  header[\"Referer\"]=\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc\"
  aryKV=extractKey(initDcReq.content,header)
  match =re.search(\"var globalRepeatSubmitToken = \'(.*?)\';\", initDcReq.content)
  ticketToken=match.group(1)
  lianxirenReq=reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/getPassengerDTOs\", data={\"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN\":ticketToken,\"_json_att\":\"\"},headers=header)
  lianxirenJson=lianxirenReq.json()
  #验证码
   #开始做验证码
  while True:
    r=reqSingle.get(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passcodeNew/getPassCodeNew?module=passenger&rand=randp&\",verify=False,timeout=5,headers=header)
    with open(\"orderRand.jpg\",\"wb\") as rimg:
      rimg.write(r.content)
      pass
    img=Image.open(\"orderRand.jpg\")
    img.show()
    randCode=raw_input(\"请输入登录验证码:\")
    #验证验证码
    randReq= reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passcodeNew/checkRandCodeAnsyn\",data={
                                                 \"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN\":ticketToken,
                                                 \"_json_att\":\"\",
                                                 \"rand\":\"randp\",
                                                 \"randCode\":randCode},headers=header)
    randRes=randReq.json()
    if randRes.get(\"status\") and randRes.get(\"httpstatus\")==200 and randRes.get(\"data\").get(\"result\")==\"1\":
      break;
    pass
  print \"验证码输入正确！\"
  #检查票
  checkOrderInfoReq=reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/checkOrderInfo\", data={
                                           aryKV[0]:aryKV[1],
                                           \"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN\":ticketToken,
                                           \"_json_att\":\"\",
                                           \"bed_level_order_num\":\"000000000000000000000000000000\",
                                           \"cancel_flag\":2,
                                           \"oldPassengerStr\":oldPassengerStr,
                                           \"passengerTicketStr\":passengerTicketStr,
                                           \"randCode\":randCode,
                                           \"tour_flag\":\"dc\"
                                           })
  checkOrderInfoJson=checkOrderInfoReq.json()
  if checkOrderInfoJson.get(\"status\")==False or checkOrderInfoJson.get(\"httpstatus\")!=200:
    raise Exception(\"检查票出现错误\")
    pass
  fromStationTelecode=re.search(\"\'from_station_telecode\':\'(.*?)\'\", initDcReq.content).group(1)
  leftTicket=re.search(\"\'ypInfoDetail\':\'(.*?)\'\", initDcReq.content).group(1)
  purpose_codes=re.search(\"\'purpose_codes\':\'(.*?)\'\", initDcReq.content).group(1)
  station_train_code=re.search(\"\'station_train_code\':\'(.*?)\'\", initDcReq.content).group(1)
  to_station_telecode=re.search(\"\'to_station_telecode\':\'(.*?)\'\", initDcReq.content).group(1)
  train_no=re.search(\"\'train_no\':\'(.*?)\'\", initDcReq.content).group(1)
  queueCountReq=reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/getQueueCount\",data={
                                          \"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN\":ticketToken,
                                          \"_json_att\":\"\",
                                          \"fromStationTelecode\":fromStationTelecode,
                                          \"leftTicket\":leftTicket,
                                          \"purpose_codes\":purpose_codes,
                                          \"seatType\":0,
                                          \"stationTrainCode\":station_train_code,
                                          \"toStationTelecode\":to_station_telecode,
                                          \"train_date\":datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time.mktime(time.strptime(trainDate,\'%Y-%m-%d\'))).strftime(\'%a %b %d %Y %H:%M:%S GMT+0800\'),
                                          \"train_no\":train_no
                                          },headers=header)
  queueCountJson=queueCountReq.json()
  print queueCountReq.content
  if queueCountJson.get(\"status\")==False or queueCountJson.get(\"httpstatus\")!=200:
    raise Exception(\"获取队列错误\")
   
  #确认队列
  key_check_isChange=re.search(\"\'key_check_isChange\':\'(.*?)\'\", initDcReq.content).group(1)
  train_location=re.search(\"\'train_location\':\'(.*?)\'\", initDcReq.content).group(1)
   
  singleForQueueReq=reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/confirmSingleForQueue\",data={
                                                       \"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN\":ticketToken,
                                                        \"_json_att\":\"\",
                                                        \"dwAll\":\"N\",
                                                        \"key_check_isChange\":key_check_isChange,
                                                        \"leftTicketStr\":leftTicket,
                                                        \"oldPassengerStr\":oldPassengerStr,
                                                        \"passengerTicketStr\":passengerTicketStr,
                                                        \"purpose_codes\":purpose_codes,
                                                        \"randCode\":randCode,
                                                        \"train_location\":train_location
                                                       },headers=header)
   
  singleForQueueJson=singleForQueueReq.json()
  print singleForQueueReq.content
  if singleForQueueJson.get(\"status\")==False or singleForQueueJson.get(\"httpstatus\")!=200:
    raise Exception(\"confirmSingleForQueue异常\")
  if singleForQueueJson.get(\"data\") is None or singleForQueueJson.get(\"data\").get(\"submitStatus\")==False:
    raise Exception(\"confirmSingleForQueue异常\")
  #等待orderid
  while True:
    orderWaitReq= reqSingle.get(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/queryOrderWaitTime\",data={\"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN\":ticketToken,
                                              \"_json_att\":\"\",
                                              \"random\":time.time(),
                                              \"tourFlag\":\"dc\"
                                              },headers=header)
    print orderWaitReq.content
    orderWaitJson=orderWaitReq.json()
    if orderWaitJson.get(\"status\") and orderWaitJson.get(\"httpstatus\")==200:
      if orderWaitJson.get(\"data\") is not None and orderWaitJson.get(\"data\").get(\"orderId\") is not None:
        orderId=orderWaitJson.get(\"data\").get(\"orderId\")
        break
      pass
    pass
  #进入队列
  dcQueueReq=reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/resultOrderForDcQueue\",data={
                                              \"REPEAT_SUBMIT_TOKEN\":ticketToken,
                                              \"_json_att\":\"\",
                                              \"orderSequence_no\":orderId
                                              }
          ,headers=header)
  dcQueueJson=dcQueueReq.json()
  if dcQueueJson.get(\"status\") and dcQueueJson.get(\"httpstatus\")==200 and dcQueueJson.get(\"data\") is not None and dcQueueJson.get(\"data\").get(\"submitStatus\"):
    print \"订票成功\"
    pass
  else:
    print dcQueueJson.content
    print \"订票失败\"
    pass
   
   
  #https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/resultOrderForDcQueue
  pass
#检查是否登录 
def checkIsLogin():
  checkReq= reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/checkUser\", data={\"_json_att\":\"\"},headers=header)
  print u\"检查是否登录\"+checkReq.content
  checkReqJson=checkReq.json()
  if checkReqJson.get(\"status\") and checkReqJson.get(\"httpstatus\")==200:
    if checkReqJson.get(\"data\") is not None and checkReqJson.get(\"data\").get(\"flag\"):
      return True
    pass
  return False
  pass
#提取js加密内容后的key和value
def extractKey(htmlContent,headerxx):
  loginMatch=re.search(r\'\', htmlContent)
  jsUrl=\"https://kyfw.12306.cn\"+ loginMatch.group(1)
  jsReq=reqSingle.get(jsUrl,verify=False,timeout=15,headers=headerxx)
  jsContent= jsReq.content
  jsMatch=re.search(\"(function bin216.*?)function aj\", jsContent)
  jsEncode= jsMatch.group(1)#获取加密的js内容
  keyMatch=re.search(\"var key=\'(.*?)\'\",jsContent)
  loginKey= keyMatch.group(1)#获取登录的key
  ctx=PyV8.JSContext()
  ctx.enter()
  ctx.eval(jsEncode)
  loginValue=ctx.locals.encode32(ctx.locals.bin216(ctx.locals.Base32.encrypt( \"1111\",loginKey)))
  return [loginKey,loginValue]
  pass
#登录操作
def login():
  header[\"Referer\"]=\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init\"
  r=reqSingle.get(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init\",verify=False,timeout=15,headers=header)
  loginContent=r.content
  aryKV=extractKey(loginContent,header)
  #开始做验证码
  while True:
    r=reqSingle.get(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passcodeNew/getPassCodeNew?module=login&rand=sjrand&\",verify=False,timeout=5,headers=header)
    with open(\"loginRand.jpg\",\"wb\") as rimg:
      rimg.write(r.content)
      pass
    img=Image.open(\"loginRand.jpg\")
    img.show()
    randCode=raw_input(\"请输入登录验证码:\")
    #验证验证码
    randReq= reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passcodeNew/checkRandCodeAnsyn\",data={\"rand\":\"sjrand\",\"randCode\":randCode},headers=header)
    randRes=randReq.json()
    if randRes.get(\"status\") and randRes.get(\"httpstatus\")==200 and randRes.get(\"data\").get(\"result\")==\"1\":
      break;
    pass
  print \"验证码输入正确！\"
   
  #开始登陆
  loginRes=reqSingle.post(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/loginAysnSuggest\",data={
                                      aryKV[0]:aryKV[1],
                                      \"loginUserDTO.user_name\":username,
                                      \"userDTO.password\":password,
                                      \"randCode\":randCode,
                                      \"myversion\":\"undefined\",
                                      \"randCode_validate\":\"\"
                                      },headers=header)
  print repr(r.request)
  print loginRes.content
  loginResJson=loginRes.json()
  if loginResJson.get(\"status\") and loginResJson.get(\"httpstatus\")==200:
    if loginResJson.get(\"data\") is not None and loginResJson.get(\"data\").get(\"loginCheck\")==\"Y\":
      print \"登录成功\"
    else:
      raise Exception(loginRes.content)
  else:
    login()
  pass
def checkTicket(dtStr):
  print dt
  while True:
    try:
      r= requests.get(\"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryT?leftTicketDTO.train_date=\"+dtStr+\"&leftTicketDTO.from_station=BXP&leftTicketDTO.to_station=HDP&purpose_codes=ADULT\",verify=False,timeout=5,headers=header)
      break
    except Exception:
      pass
    pass
  #print r.contentfd
  print r.content
  try:
    queryDataJson= json.loads(r.content)
  except Exception:
    return
  if queryDataJson[\"httpstatus\"]==200 and queryDataJson[\"status\"] :
    #print queryDataJson[\"data\"]
    for checi in queryDataJson[\"data\"]:
      tmpData=checi[\"queryLeftNewDTO\"]
      trainCode=tmpData.get(\"station_train_code\")
      #yzNum=tmpData.get(\"yz_num\")
      yzNum=tmpData.get(\"ze_num\")
       
      if trainCode in attCheCi:
         
        if yzNum!=\"--\" and yzNum!=\"无\" and (yzNum==\"有\" or int(yzNum)>=2):
          #发邮件
           
          fromStation=tmpData.get(\"start_station_name\")
          toStation=tmpData.get(\"end_station_name\")
          secretStr=checi.get(\"secretStr\")
          orderTicket(fromStation, toStation, dtStr, secretStr)
#           body=dtStr+\"-\"+trainCode+\"-\"+yzNum+u\"个硬座\"
#           print body
#           mailer=emailHelper.email_helper(\"smtp.qq.com\", \"fd\", \"fss\", \"qq.com\",\"plain\")
#           mailer.send(\"630419595@qq.com\", u\"有火车票了\",body)
#           raise Exception(\"有票了\")
          pass
        print trainCode+yzNum
      pass
    pass
  pass
if __name__ == \'__main__\':
#   login()
#   if checkIsLogin():
#     print \"登录成功\"
#   
#   orderTicket(\"北京西\",\"邯郸东\",\"2015-01-14\",\"MjAxNS0wMS0xNCMwMCNHNjczMSMwMjoxNSMwNzowNSMyNDAwMEc2NzMxMDUjQlhQI0hQUCMwOToyMCPljJfkuqzopb8j6YKv6YO45LicIzAxIzA2I08wMDAwMDA4MThNMDAwMDAwMTEwOTAwMDAwMDAyNiNQMiMxNDE5MDg2OTU2MTA0IzI5NEI0QkY0QTU2ODE2RDU1MzE5RkRCRkVEQzQ3Mzk2MUEyRUEwOEM0MUVCMjZGMDc3RUUyNzc0\")
#   exit()
  login()
  if checkIsLogin():
    print \"登录成功\"
  while True:
    checkCount=0
    for dt in dateList:
      checkTicket(dt)
      time.sleep(2)
      checkCount+=1
      if checkCount%10==0:
        if checkIsLogin():
          print \"成功状态\"
        else:
          print \"被踢了\"
      pass
  pass

大家抢到回家过年的车票了吗？

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。