模式特点:给定一个语言,定义它的文法的一种表示,并定义一个解释器,这个解释器使用该表示来解释语言中的句子。
我们来看一下下面这样的程序结构:
class Context: def __init__(self): self.input=\"\" self.output=\"\" class AbstractExpression: def Interpret(self,context): pass class Expression(AbstractExpression): def Interpret(self,context): print \"terminal interpret\" class NonterminalExpression(AbstractExpression): def Interpret(self,context): print \"Nonterminal interpret\" if __name__ == \"__main__\": context= \"\" c = [] c = c + [Expression()] c = c + [NonterminalExpression()] c = c + [Expression()] c = c + [Expression()] for a in c: a.Interpret(context)
那么它所体现出的类图是这样的:
再来看一个例子:
#encoding=utf-8 # #by panda #解释器模式 def printInfo(info): print unicode(info, \'utf-8\').encode(\'gbk\'), #上下文类:演奏内容 class PlayContext(): text = None PlayText = None #抽象表达式类 class Expression(): def Interpret(self, context): if len(context.PlayText) == 0: return else: playKey = context.PlayText[0:1] context.PlayText = context.PlayText[2:] tmp = context.PlayText.index(\' \') #找出第一个空格出现的位置 playValue = context.PlayText[0:tmp] context.PlayText = context.PlayText[tmp+1:] self.Excute(playKey,playValue) def Excute(self,playKey,playValue): pass #音高 class Pitch(Expression): pitch = None def Excute(self, key, value): value = int(value) if value == 1: self.pitch = \'低音\' elif value == 2: self.pitch = \'中音\' elif value == 3: self.pitch = \'高音\' printInfo(self.pitch) #音符 class Note(Expression): Notes = { \'C\':1, \'D\':2, \'E\':3, \'F\':4, \'G\':5, \'A\':6, \'B\':7, } note = None def Excute(self, key, value): self.note = self.Notes[key] printInfo(\'%d\' % self.note) def clientUI(): context = PlayContext() context.PlayText = \"O 2 E 0.5 G 0.5 A 3 E 0.5 G 0.5 D 3 E 0.5 G 0.5 A 0.5 O 3 C 1 O 2 A 0.5 G 1 C 0.5 E 0.5 D 3 \" expression = None; while(len(context.PlayText) > 0): str = context.PlayText[0:1]; if(str == \'O\'): expression = Pitch() elif(str == \'C\' or str == \'D\' or str == \'E\' or str == \'F\' or str == \'G\' or str == \'A\' or str == \'B\' or str == \'P\'): expression = Note() expression.Interpret(context) return if __name__ == \'__main__\': clientUI();
类图: