本文实例讲述了Python实现分割文件及合并文件的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下：

分割文件split.py如下：

#!/usr/bin/python
##########################################################################
# split a file into a set of parts; join.py puts them back together;
# this is a customizable version of the standard unix split command-line 
# utility; because it is written in Python, it also works on Windows and
# can be easily modified; because it exports a function, its logic can 
# also be imported and reused in other applications;
##########################################################################
import sys, os
kilobytes = 1024
megabytes = kilobytes * 1000
chunksize = int(1.4 * megabytes)     # default: roughly a floppy
def split(fromfile, todir, chunksize=chunksize): 
 if not os.path.exists(todir):     # caller handles errors
  os.mkdir(todir)       # make dir, read/write parts
 else:
  for fname in os.listdir(todir):   # delete any existing files
   os.remove(os.path.join(todir, fname)) 
 partnum = 0
 input = open(fromfile, \'rb\')     # use binary mode on Windows
 while 1:          # eof=empty string from read
  chunk = input.read(chunksize)    # get next part <= chunksize
  if not chunk: break
  partnum = partnum+1
  filename = os.path.join(todir, (\'part%04d\' % partnum))
  fileobj = open(filename, \'wb\')
  fileobj.write(chunk)
  fileobj.close()       # or simply open().write()
 input.close()
 assert partnum <= 9999       # join sort fails if 5 digits
 return partnum
if __name__ == \'__main__\':
 if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1] == \'-help\':
  print \'Use: split.py [file-to-split target-dir [chunksize]]\'
 else:
  if len(sys.argv) < 3:
   interactive = 1
   fromfile = raw_input(\'File to be split? \')  # input if clicked 
   todir = raw_input(\'Directory to store part files? \')
  else:
   interactive = 0
   fromfile, todir = sys.argv[1:3]     # args in cmdline
   if len(sys.argv) == 4: chunksize = int(sys.argv[3])
  absfrom, absto = map(os.path.abspath, [fromfile, todir])
  print \'Splitting\', absfrom, \'to\', absto, \'by\', chunksize
  try:
   parts = split(fromfile, todir, chunksize)
  except:
   print \'Error during split:\'
   print sys.exc_info()[0], sys.exc_info()[1]
  else:
   print \'Split finished:\', parts, \'parts are in\', absto
  if interactive: raw_input(\'Press Enter key\') # pause if clicked

合并文件join_file.py如下：

#!/usr/bin/python
##########################################################################
# join all part files in a dir created by split.py, to recreate file. 
# This is roughly like a \'cat fromdir/* > tofile\' command on unix, but is 
# more portable and configurable, and exports the join operation as a 
# reusable function. Relies on sort order of file names: must be same 
# length. Could extend split/join to popup Tkinter file selectors.
##########################################################################
import os, sys
readsize = 1024
def join(fromdir, tofile):
 output = open(tofile, \'wb\')
 parts = os.listdir(fromdir)
 parts.sort()
 for filename in parts:
  filepath = os.path.join(fromdir, filename)
  fileobj = open(filepath, \'rb\')
  while 1:
   filebytes = fileobj.read(readsize)
   if not filebytes: break
   output.write(filebytes)
  fileobj.close()
 output.close()
if __name__ == \'__main__\':
 if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1] == \'-help\':
  print \'Use: join.py [from-dir-name to-file-name]\'
 else:
  if len(sys.argv) != 3:
   interactive = 1
   fromdir = raw_input(\'Directory containing part files? \')
   tofile = raw_input(\'Name of file to be recreated? \')
  else:
   interactive = 0
   fromdir, tofile = sys.argv[1:]
  absfrom, absto = map(os.path.abspath, [fromdir, tofile])
  print \'Joining\', absfrom, \'to make\', absto
  try:
   join(fromdir, tofile)
  except:
   print \'Error joining files:\'
   print sys.exc_info()[0], sys.exc_info()[1]
  else:
   print \'Join complete: see\', absto
  if interactive: raw_input(\'Press Enter key\') # pause if clicked

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。