Import os; — Python自带
print(os.getcwd()) — 获得当前工作目录
os.chdir(\’/Users/longlong/Documents\’) — 转换到/Users/longlong/Documents目录
os.path.join(parm1, parm2,…) — 从一个或多个路径片段中构造一个路径名。
os.path.expanduser() — 用来将包含～符号的路径扩展为完整的路径

复制代码 代码如下:
>>> pathname = \’/Users/pilgrim/diveintopython3/examples/humansize.py\’
>>> os.path.split(pathname)  –(\’/Users/pilgrim/diveintopython3/examples\’, \’humansize.py\’）罗列目录内容构造绝对路径

复制代码 代码如下:
>>> import os
>>> print(os.getcwd())
/Users/longlong/Documents
>>> os.chdir(\”./python/\”)
>>> os.getcwd()
\’/Users/longlong/Documents/python\’
>>> print(os.path.realpath(\’whileloop.py\’)
      )
/Users/longlong/Documents/python/whileloop.py
>>> print(os.path.realpath(\”whileloop.py\”))
/Users/longlong/Documents/python/whileloop.py
>>>

列表解析

复制代码 代码如下:
>>> [os.path.realpath(f) for f in glob.glob(\”*.py\”)]
[\’/Users/longlong/Documents/python/indices_over_two_objects.py\’, \’/Users/longlong/Documents/python/loops_over_indices.py\’, \’/Users/longlong/Documents/python/while_loops.py\’]

>>> [f for f in glob.glob(\”*.py\”) if os.stat(f).st_size > 700]
[\’indices_over_two_objects.py\’, \’while_loops.py\’]
1
 
 

字典解析

>>> metadat_dict = { f:os.stat(f) for f in glob.glob(\'*.py\')}
 
>>> type(metadat_dict)

 
>>> list(metadat_dict.keys())
[\'indices_over_two_objects.py\', \'while_loops.py\', \'loops_over_indices.py\']
 
>>> metadat_dict[\'indices_over_two_objects.py\'].st_size
871

>>> list(metadat_dict.keys())
[\'indices_over_two_objects.py\', \'while_loops.py\', \'loops_over_indices.py\']
 
>>> a_dict = {\'a\':1, \'b\':2,\'c\':3}
>>> {value:key for key,value in a_dict.items()}
{1: \'a\', 2: \'b\', 3: \'c\'}
 

集合解析

>>> a_set = set(range(10))
>>> a_set
{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
 
>>> {x**2 for x in a_set}
{0, 1, 64, 4, 36, 9, 16, 49, 81, 25}
 
>>> {x for x in a_set if x%2 == 0 }
{0, 8, 2, 4, 6}
 
>>> {2**x for x in range(10)}
{32, 1, 2, 64, 4, 128, 256, 512, 8, 16}

以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望大家能够喜欢。