复制代码 代码如下:
import random, string
class C(object): pass
def dangerFunction(msg, l = [], b = {}, c = C()):
print msg, \’-\’*10
print l, b, c.__dict__
l.append(1)
b[random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)] = \’\’
c.__dict__[random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)] = \”\”
print l, b, c.__dict__
dangerFunction(\’1\’)
dangerFunction(\’2\’)
dangerFunction(\’3\’)
print \’-\’*20
def safeFunction(msg, l = None, b = None, c = None):
if not l: l = []
if not b: b = {}
if not c: c = C()
print msg, \’-\’*10
print l, b, c.__dict__
l.append(1)
b[random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)] = \’\’
c.__dict__[random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)] = \”\”
print l, b, c.__dict__
safeFunction(\’1\’)
safeFunction(\’2\’)
safeFunction(\’3\’)
运行结果:
复制代码 代码如下:
1 ———-
[] {} {}
[1] {\’q\’: \’\’} {\’p\’: \’\’}
2 ———-
[1] {\’q\’: \’\’} {\’p\’: \’\’}
[1, 1] {\’q\’: \’\’, \’a\’: \’\’} {\’p\’: \’\’, \’g\’: \’\’}
3 ———-
[1, 1] {\’q\’: \’\’, \’a\’: \’\’} {\’p\’: \’\’, \’g\’: \’\’}
[1, 1, 1] {\’q\’: \’\’, \’a\’: \’\’, \’w\’: \’\’} {\’p\’: \’\’, \’w\’: \’\’, \’g\’: \’\’}
——————–
1 ———-
[] {} {}
[1] {\’k\’: \’\’} {\’l\’: \’\’}
2 ———-
[] {} {}
[1] {\’r\’: \’\’} {\’c\’: \’\’}
3 ———-
[] {} {}
[1] {\’q\’: \’\’} {\’h\’: \’\’}
由dangerFunction打印出来的结果来看,缺省值为 [], (), class
再下次调用时,如果继续参数空缺而使用缺省值,那么缺省值延续上次引用。
可能打印无任何标志无法看清楚,加上文字应该会简单很多。
复制代码 代码如下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import random, string
class C(object): pass
def dangerFunction(msg, l = [], b = {}, c = C()):
print msg, \’-\’*10
print u\’操作前\’, l, b, c.__dict__
l.append(1)
b[random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)] = \’\’
c.__dict__[random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)] = \”\”
print u\’操作后\’, l, b, c.__dict__
dangerFunction(\’1\’)
dangerFunction(\’2\’)
dangerFunction(\’3\’)
print \’-\’ * 10, u\’我是分隔符\’, \’-\’ * 10
def safeFunction(msg, l = None, b = None, c = None):
if not l: l = []
if not b: b = {}
if not c: c = C()
print msg, \’-\’*10
print u\’操作前\’, l, b, c.__dict__
l.append(1)
b[random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)] = \’\’
c.__dict__[random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase)] = \”\”
print u\’操作后\’,l, b, c.__dict__
safeFunction(\’1\’)
safeFunction(\’2\’)
safeFunction(\’3\’)
复制代码 代码如下:
1 ———-
操作前 [] {} {}
操作后 [1] {\’m\’: \’\’} {\’v\’: \’\’}
2 ———-
操作前 [1] {\’m\’: \’\’} {\’v\’: \’\’}
操作后 [1, 1] {\’i\’: \’\’, \’m\’: \’\’} {\’g\’: \’\’, \’v\’: \’\’}
3 ———-
操作前 [1, 1] {\’i\’: \’\’, \’m\’: \’\’} {\’g\’: \’\’, \’v\’: \’\’}
操作后 [1, 1, 1] {\’i\’: \’\’, \’s\’: \’\’, \’m\’: \’\’} {\’s\’: \’\’, \’g\’: \’\’, \’v\’: \’\’}
———- 我是分隔符 ———-
1 ———-
操作前 [] {} {}
操作后 [1] {\’e\’: \’\’} {\’q\’: \’\’}
2 ———-
操作前 [] {} {}
操作后 [1] {\’d\’: \’\’} {\’s\’: \’\’}
3 ———-
操作前 [] {} {}
操作后 [1] {\’m\’: \’\’} {\’k\’: \’\’}