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'BetaMeow—-利用机器学习做五子棋AI'

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'python, 机器学习'

'BetaMeow的起源
前段时间AlphaGo和李世石广受关注，作为人工智能的脑残粉，看完比赛后激动不已，因为有一定的机器学习的基础，便打算撸一个棋类的AI，但我还算有点自知之明，围棋AI，甚至google打算做得通用AI是做不出的了，所以打算撸一个五子棋的AI。
选取五子棋作为试手项'

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'2023-07-31 01:45:19'

'2023-07-31 01:45:19'

'0'

'<h2 id="betameow%e7%9a%84%e8%b5%b7%e6%ba%90">BetaMeow的起源</h2>
<p>前段时间AlphaGo和李世石广受关注，作为人工智能的脑残粉，看完比赛后激动不已，因为有一定的机器学习的基础，便打算撸一个棋类的AI，但我还算有点自知之明，围棋AI，甚至google打算做得通用AI是做不出的了，所以打算撸一个五子棋的AI。</p>
<p>选取五子棋作为试手项目主要是以下几点原因：</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>规则简单。为了简单起见，BetaMeow只要有一方练成五子就可以判输赢。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>受众多。因为五子棋的规则相对简单，使得其受众远比围棋多，换句话来说，我把BetaMeow做出来了，那么可以测试的人也多。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%9a%84%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e4%bb%8b%e7%bb%8d">机器学习的简单介绍</h2>
<p>近年<code>机器学习</code>，<code>数据挖掘</code>,<code>人工智能</code>很火，但其实不少人对这些名词其实是一头雾水，我尝试用我自己的语言解释，如果有什么需要完善的地方，欢迎提出。</p>
<p>比如说，有一个模型能够能够根据一个人的社交动态，推断出他是喜欢苹果还是香蕉，那么，我现在想知道某个社交平台上市喜欢苹果的人多，还是喜欢香蕉的人多。显然，我把社交平台的数据扔进模型中跑一遍就可以了，但社交平台数据肯定不是说一两个txt文件这么简单啊。<strong>这时就可能涉及网络爬虫(收集数据)，分布式存储(数据量巨大的时候)，过滤无关的数据(数据清洗),修改模型使得符合当前业务场景(花式调参)，跑完数据获得结果后决定采取什么商业措施等。(BI)</strong></p>
<p><strong>机器学习</strong>就是负责考虑如何<strong>建立模型</strong>，而<strong>数据挖掘则是负责其他地方</strong>，不过一般来说，数据挖掘部分的工作可能会分开几个部门来做。</p>
<p><strong>简言之，机器学习是内功，而数据挖掘则是机器学习的一种用途。而人工智能，就是更广的概念了</strong></p>
<h2 id="%e4%ba%94%e5%ad%90%e6%a3%8bai">五子棋AI</h2>
<p>回到正题上，传统的五子棋AI采用的搜索算法，这个方面其实已经很完善，听闻已经出现了无解的结果(玩家无法取胜)。但BetaMeow本质上是我在学习机器学习方面的实战项目，所以我想办法利用机器学习的方面的算法实现。</p>
<p>最后选择决策树算法。通过决策树判断该局的状况，属于对方（玩家）占优还是己方（AI）占优。</p>
<h3 id="%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e5%8f%ab%e5%86%b3%e7%ad%96%e6%a0%91">什么叫决策树</h3>
<p>至于什么叫决策树，有时真的是一图胜千言。</p>
<p><img data-src="https://segmentfault.com/image?src=http://www.52analysis.com/uploads/allimg/141119/232932B25-1.jpg&objectId=1190000005060245&token=d866d760913c36feca7d42a07a3313e4" src="http://file.zhishichong.com/images/article/20161025/232932B25-1.jpg&objectId=1190000005060245&token=d866d760913c36feca7d42a07a3313e4.jpeg" /></p>
<p>图片来至于http://www.52analysis.com/shujuwajue/2441.html</p>
<p>简单来说，通过一层层的筛选下来，你就能获得相应的结果。</p>
<h3 id="%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e5%86%b3%e7%ad%96%e6%a0%91">如何构建决策树</h3>
<p>关于如何构建决策树，如果需要了解文字说明，可以参考这里,如果需要参考python的代码实现，可以参考下文给出的github地址，这里只给出简单总结。</p>
<h4 id="%e7%ae%80%e5%8d%95%e6%8f%8f%e8%bf%b0">简单描述</h4>
<p>在一个二维集合（可以看成矩阵）中，第二维代表每一个决策的实例，用某种方式（例如信息增益（首先要计算熵））在确定一个最佳分割点（p），然后以该点作为根节点，此时剩下的子集有两种情况，要么作为决策树的结果，要么递归下去创建子树。</p>
<h3 id="%e9%80%89%e5%8f%96%e7%89%b9%e5%be%81">选取特征</h3>
<p>有句话叫<strong>好的数据胜过好的模型</strong>，经过这番实践我算是真正认识到这句话的意思。机器学习的算法不是你随便扔一个数据集下去，他都能训练出一个有效的模型。我曾经把整个棋局扔给他它训练，然而并没有什么乱用。几番周折才角色以<strong>连子形式</strong>作为训练的内容。</p>
<p>举个例子</p>
<pre><code>[1,1,0,1,2]</code></pre>
<p>这个训练集表明，玩家的连子形式已经是1，1，0，1（0表示空位），如果玩家顺利连成了4子，那么AI则彻底出于劣势，因为如果4子是在棋盘中间的话，那么ai只能堵一边，玩家还是可以在另一边连成5子。</p>
<p>所以ai应该下在2号位，阻止其连成4子。</p>
<p>我的代码中有大量如此的数据，用于教会ai决定是及时阻止对方，还是提高自己的连子数。(跑两次不同的决策树)</p>
<h2 id="betameow%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%aa%e6%9d%a5%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%ac%e6%96%87%e5%90%8e%e8%af%9d">BetaMeow的未来与本文后话</h2>
<p>BetaMeow现在显然是不完善的。</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>首先是五子棋规则的本身，首先是五子棋棋盘应该<code>15x15</code>，然后无知的我把它弄成了<code>19x19</code>,然后规先后手的规则好像也有不同的规定，但我没有考虑太多这方面，毕竟我的主要目的是机器学习的实践，并非做出一个五子棋游戏。五子棋只是一个载体。<br />同样是因为我的目的在于算法，所以界面不太美观，甚至在不同分辨率上可能有问题(使用的bootstrap应该问题不大)，所以如果有较为熟悉前端的朋友，欢迎修改修改后Pull Requese给我。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>第二点，算法本身也有不完善的地方。<br />因为目前的方案是遍历棋局，分析各店的形式，可能因为循环的原因，会导致后面的选择覆盖掉前一个选择，从而错过了一些最好的选择。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>下一步会是给每一个选择的结果加上权重，从而避免上述问题。</p>
<p>嗯，说了这么多，最后给出这个项目的github地址</p>
<blockquote>
<p>my_github</p>
</blockquote>
<p>重要的事情再说一遍。</p>
<p><strong>前端真的做得很烂，如果有熟悉前端的朋友帮我修改一下，真的万分感谢。</strong></p>
<p>这个github地址会记录下我学习机器学习和数据挖掘的各种小项目(包括我之前的图片识别的项目)，<strong>将会持续更新很长一段时间</strong>，如果你对这个有兴趣，欢迎关注和支持。</p>
<p><strong>如果你也有机器学习和数据挖掘等相关的项目，欢迎推荐给我，大家互相学习的同时，我也会在我的项目的README中给出你项目的URL</strong>(你也要给出我项目的URL哦，亲)</p>
<p>感谢关注和支持。</p>'

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'BetaMeow&#8212-利用机器学习做五子棋AI_程序人生_晓说杂谈'

'python, 机器学习'

'BetaMeow的起源前段时间AlphaGo和李世石广受关注，作为人工智能的脑残粉，看完比赛后激动不已，因为有一定的机器学习的基础，便打算撸一个棋类的AI，但我还算有点自知之明，围棋AI，甚至google打算做得通用AI是做不出的了，所以打算撸一个五子棋的AI。选取五子棋作为试手项'

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    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => 1,
    'childids' => 4,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'content' => '',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => 1,
      'disabled' => 0,
      'template' => 
      array (
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
        'pagesize' => 20,
        'mpagesize' => 20,
      ),
      'seo' => 
      array (
        'list_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{name}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
        'show_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{title}{join}{catname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
      ),
      'getchild' => 0,
      'urlrule' => 1,
      'html' => 0,
      'chtml' => 0,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'is_ctable' => '0',
    'pcatpost' => 0,
    'topid' => '4',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '4',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.wxx86.cn/program',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  5 => 
  array (
    'id' => '5',
    'tid' => '1',
    'pid' => '0',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '探索发现',
    'dirname' => 'jinrong',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => 1,
    'childids' => 5,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'content' => '',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => 1,
      'disabled' => 0,
      'template' => 
      array (
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
        'pagesize' => 20,
        'mpagesize' => 20,
      ),
      'seo' => 
      array (
        'list_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{name}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
        'show_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{title}{join}{catname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
      ),
      'getchild' => 0,
      'urlrule' => 1,
      'html' => 0,
      'chtml' => 0,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'is_ctable' => '0',
    'pcatpost' => 0,
    'topid' => '5',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '5',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.wxx86.cn/jinrong',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  6 => 
  array (
    'id' => '6',
    'tid' => '1',
    'pid' => '0',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '机械加工',
    'dirname' => 'jixie',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => 1,
    'childids' => 6,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'content' => '',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => 1,
      'disabled' => 0,
      'template' => 
      array (
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
        'pagesize' => 20,
        'mpagesize' => 20,
      ),
      'seo' => 
      array (
        'list_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{name}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
        'show_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{title}{join}{catname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
      ),
      'getchild' => 0,
      'urlrule' => 1,
      'html' => 0,
      'chtml' => 0,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'is_ctable' => '0',
    'pcatpost' => 0,
    'topid' => '6',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '6',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.wxx86.cn/jixie',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  7 => 
  array (
    'id' => '7',
    'tid' => '1',
    'pid' => '0',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '电商',
    'dirname' => 'dianshang',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => 1,
    'childids' => 7,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'content' => '',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => 1,
      'disabled' => 0,
      'template' => 
      array (
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
        'pagesize' => 20,
        'mpagesize' => 20,
      ),
      'seo' => 
      array (
        'list_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{name}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
        'show_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{title}{join}{catname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
      ),
      'getchild' => 0,
      'urlrule' => 1,
      'html' => 0,
      'chtml' => 0,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'is_ctable' => '0',
    'pcatpost' => 0,
    'topid' => '7',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '7',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.wxx86.cn/dianshang',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  8 => 
  array (
    'id' => '8',
    'tid' => '1',
    'pid' => '0',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '其他',
    'dirname' => 'other',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => 1,
    'childids' => 8,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'content' => '',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => 1,
      'disabled' => 0,
      'template' => 
      array (
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
        'pagesize' => 20,
        'mpagesize' => 20,
      ),
      'seo' => 
      array (
        'list_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{name}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
        'show_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{title}{join}{catname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
      ),
      'getchild' => 0,
      'urlrule' => 1,
      'html' => 0,
      'chtml' => 0,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'is_ctable' => '0',
    'pcatpost' => 0,
    'topid' => '8',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '8',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.wxx86.cn/other',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  9 => 
  array (
    'id' => '9',
    'tid' => '1',
    'pid' => '0',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '日常知识',
    'dirname' => 'zhishi',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => 1,
    'childids' => 9,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'content' => '',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => 1,
      'disabled' => 0,
      'template' => 
      array (
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
        'pagesize' => 20,
        'mpagesize' => 20,
      ),
      'seo' => 
      array (
        'list_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{name}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
        'show_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{title}{join}{catname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
      ),
      'getchild' => 0,
      'urlrule' => 1,
      'html' => 0,
      'chtml' => 0,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'is_ctable' => '0',
    'pcatpost' => 0,
    'topid' => '9',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '9',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.wxx86.cn/zhishi',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
  10 => 
  array (
    'id' => '10',
    'tid' => '1',
    'pid' => '0',
    'mid' => 'article',
    'pids' => '0',
    'name' => '每日语录',
    'dirname' => 'yulu',
    'pdirname' => '',
    'child' => 0,
    'disabled' => '0',
    'ismain' => 1,
    'childids' => 10,
    'thumb' => '',
    'show' => '1',
    'content' => '',
    'setting' => 
    array (
      'edit' => 1,
      'disabled' => 0,
      'template' => 
      array (
        'list' => 'list.html',
        'show' => 'show.html',
        'category' => 'category.html',
        'search' => 'search.html',
        'pagesize' => 20,
        'mpagesize' => 20,
      ),
      'seo' => 
      array (
        'list_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{name}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
        'show_title' => '[第{page}页{join}]{title}{join}{catname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
      ),
      'getchild' => 0,
      'urlrule' => 1,
      'html' => 0,
      'chtml' => 0,
    ),
    'displayorder' => '0',
    'is_ctable' => '0',
    'pcatpost' => 0,
    'topid' => '10',
    'catids' => 
    array (
      0 => '10',
    ),
    'is_post' => 1,
    'url' => 'https://www.wxx86.cn/yulu',
    'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
    'field' => 
    array (
    ),
  ),
)

'/program/39548-[page].html'

''

'https://www.wxx86.cn/program/39548.html'

array (
  'c' => 'show',
  'id' => '39548',
  'm' => 'index',
)